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Autonomic Nerve System
Sympathetic nerve, parasympathetic nerve
1) Action
Organ
Sympathetic Nerve
Parasympathetic Nerve
Pupil
Dilate
Constrict
Heart
Accelerate
Reduce/decelerate
Coronary Artery
Peripheral Artery
Blood Pressure
Raise
Lower
Bronchioles/Lung
Expand
Gastrointestinal Tract
Decreases intestinal motility
Increase intestinal motility
Urinary Bladder Wall
Reduce
Urinary Bladder Sphincter Muscle
Dilate/Expand
Uterus
Efferent Nerve
carries impulses away from the central nervous system (CNS); motor nerve
Afferent Nerve
carries impulses toward the central nervous system (CNS); sensory nerve
Cranial Nerves
1. Olfactory nerve: sense of smell; consists of the olfactory epithelium, bulbs and tracts along with olfactory areas of the brain collectively known as the rhinencephalon (special sensory)
2. Optic nerve: vision; special sensory
3. Oculomotor nerve: innervates four of the six extraocular muscles of the eye and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle of the upper eyelid and Parasympathetic innervation of the constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles (somatic and visceral motor)
4. Trochlear nerve: innervates the superior oblique muscle of the contralateral orbit (somatic motor)
5. Trigeminal nerve: innervates muscles of mastication, sensory for head/neck, sinuses, meninges, & external surface of tympanic membrane (Brachial motor and general sensory)
6. Abducens nerve: innervates lateral rectus muscle (somatic motor)
7. Facial nerve: innervates muscles of facial expression (brachial motor), parasympathetic to all glands of head except the parotid (visceral motor), sensory for ear and tympanic membrane (general sensory), taste anterior two-thirds of tongue (special sensory)
8. Vestibulocochlear nerve: hearing and balance (special sensory)
9. Glossopharyngeal nerve: innervates Stylopharyngeus muscle (branchial motor), parotid gland, carotid body (visceral sensory), taste posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and special sensory)
10. Vagus nerve: innervates muscles of pharynx and larynx (branchial motor), parasympathetic to neck, thorax, and abdomen (visceral motor), sensory from pharynx, larynx, and viscera (visceral sensory), and sensory from external ear (special sensory)
11. Spinal Accessory nerve: Innervates trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles (branchial motor)
12. Hypoglossal nerve: Innervates tongue muscle except palatoglossal (somatic motor)
Gustatory Nerves
Facial nerve: anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Glossopharyngeal nerve: posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Vagus nerve: mucous membranes (mucosa) of pharynx and larynx