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Title
Differential Count of the lab test
Writer
Acuworld
View
826
Date
2020-07-15 09:08:48
<P>Differential Count</P> <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Name</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Description</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Increased</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Decreased</SPAN></P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>Neutrophils</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175> <P>Cell maturation, toxic changes, and relative increase or decrease of red or white cell series may be evident in a properly prepared smear</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Acute infection, tissure necrosis, hemorrhage, toxaemias, myeloid leukemia</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Typhoid fever, brucellosis, tularemia, drug reaction, Addison’s disease, aggranulocytosis</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>Eosinophils</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Allergic states, scarlet fever, parasite infection, Hodgkin’s disease, leukemoid states</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Shock, pyogenic infections, active tuberculosis</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>Basophils</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>Lymphocytes</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Lyphocytic leukemia, infectious mononucleosis, syphilis, tuberculosis, malignant lymphoma, acute infection</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Acute pyogenic infections, active tuverculosis</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>Monocytes</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Tuberculosis, monocytic leukemia, parasitic infections, Hodgkin’s disease</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>Hemoglobin (Hgb)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175> <P>The oxygen-carrying pigment of the red blood cell</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Polycythemia, dehydration</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Anaemias (all types), late pregnancies</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>Hematocrit (HCT)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175> <P>The volume of packed RBC/100ml of blood</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Polycythemia</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Anamias</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>ESR</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175> <P>When whole blood is mixed with an anticoagulant and placed in a perpendicular tube, the red cells settle out. In many diseases, the rate of sedementation (fall) is increased</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Inflammatory diseases, tissue necrosis, advanced malignancy</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=127> <P>RBC Count</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=175> <P>Useful in assessing the degree of anaemia or erythrocytosis. Necessary in calculating the cell</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Polycythemia vera, secondary polyeythemia</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=151> <P>Anaemias</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <P>SEROLOGY</P> <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">TEST NAME</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TEST RESULTS</SPAN></P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Anit-Hylauronidase (AHT)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Strep infection, rheumatic fever</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Anti-nuclear antibodies</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Lupus erythematosus rheumatoid and scleroderma</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Anti-streptolysin O titer (ASO-T)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Rheumatic heart disease</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, cancer of thyroid, myxedema, thyrotoxicosis</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Cold aggrutinins</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Viral pneumonia, hemolytic anaemias, systemic paracytes</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>C-reactive protein</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Inflammatory diseases, rheumatic fever, myocardial infarction, metastatic melignancies</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Febrile agglutinins</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Salmonella and shigella infection, trichomonas, leptospirosis, Q fever, rickettssialpox, amebiasis, typhoid, tularemia</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Fluorescent treponemal antibiodies (FTA-ABS)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Syphilis</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Heterophile Test</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Infectious mononucleosis, serum sickness</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Latex agglutinations</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Rheumatoid arthritis</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>LE Latex agglutination</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>A screen for lupus erythematosus antibody</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>Rheumatoid factor (RA test)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Rheumatoid arthritis</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=211> <P>VDRL (Venereal disease research laboratory)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=392> <P>Syphilis</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=607 border=1> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117 rowSpan=2> <P><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"></SPAN></P>TEST NAME</TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179 rowSpan=2>DESCRIPTION</TD> <TD vAlign=top width=311 colSpan=2> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TEST RESULTS</SPAN></P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">INCREASED</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">DECREASED</SPAN></P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117> <P>Aldosterone</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179> <P>The principal electrolyte-regulating steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex. A diagnostic test for a major cause of secondary hypertionsion</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Tumors of the adrenal cortex ,primary aldosteronism, nephrosis, cirrhosis, essential hypertension</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117> <P>Bence-Jones Protein</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179> <P>An abnormal protein most constantly associated with multiple myeloma</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>If present: multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, leukemia, polycythemia</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117> <P>Catecholamines</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179> <P>One of a group compounds with sympathomimetic action normally found in urine. Elevated levels may indicate tumors of the adrenal medulla</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Pheochromocytoma, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117> <P>Chorionic Gonadotropins (Pregnancy Test)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179> <P>A hormone found in the urine approximately 3 weeks after the last ovulatory period in pregnant women</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Pregnancy</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117> <P>Estriol, placental</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179> <P>A fall in the estriol excretion during the 2<SUP>nd</SUP> and 3<SUP>rd</SUP> trimesters may by a sign of placental dysfunction or other abnormalities of pregnancy</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Feto-placental dysfunction, fetal death</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117> <P>Estrogens</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179> <P>Useful test in dermining fetal viability and in measuring ovarian, adrenal and pituitary function. Elevations may be due to a tumor</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Granulosa-theca tumors, hyperactive adrenal cortex, uterine bleeding</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155> <P>Fetal death, primary or secondary amenorrhea, pituitary and adrenal hypofunction</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=117> <P>Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=179> <P>A gonadotrophic hormone of the anterior pituitary gland. Most valuable in differentiating the several causes of hypoestrogenisim</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Menopause, ovarian atrophy, mlae climateric</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=155> <P>Prepuberty, eununch anorexia nervosa</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=607 border=1> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=115> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">NAME</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=192> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">DESCRIPTION</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=144> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">INCREASED</SPAN></P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">DECREASED</SPAN></P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=115> <P>White Blood Count</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=192> <P>See differential count</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=144></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=115> <P align=center>Indices:</P> <P align=center>MCV</P> <P align=center>MCH</P> <P align=center>MCHC</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=192> <P>Red blood cell constants used to help diagnosis a specific type of anaemia</P> <P>Mean Corpuscular Volume</P> <P>Mean Corpuscular Hemolobin</P> <P>Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobulin Concentration</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=144> <P>Macrocytic anaemia</P> <P>Same as above</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Microcytic hypochromic anaemia</P> <P>Same as above</P> <P>Same as above</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=115> <P>Platelet count</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=192> <P>Blood platelet strongthen the resistance of the blood vessel wall against mechanical trauma; plays an important role in coagulation, and is required for normal clot retraction</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=144> <P>Blood loss, trauma, chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, idiopathic thrombocythemia</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Thrombocytopenia purpura, severe burns, acute leukemia, anaemia, others</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=115> <P>Prothrombin Time Mean </P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=192> <P>Useful in control of anticoagulant therapy</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=144> <P>Certain drugs such as antihistamines, steroids, and barbiturates</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Vit. K deficiency, hepatic and biliary disease</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=115> <P>Reticulocyte count</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=192> <P>The number of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood is a good index of erythroblastic activity of the bone marrow</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=144> <P>Hemolytic anaemias, pernicious anaemia, hemorrhage, spelnectomy</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156> <P>Aplastic anaemia</P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD vAlign=top width=115> <P>Sickle cell preparation</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=192> <P>A test for the presence or absence of sickle-shaped cells in the blood</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=144> <P>Present in hereditary and familial forms of chronic hemolytic anaemia</P></TD> <TD vAlign=top width=156></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
